徐向前是一位指挥大兵团作战的奇才。土地革命战争时期，他是红四方面军的总指挥，手下有好几位军长，比如许世友。抗日战争时期，彭德怀请示军委，让徐向前去山东统一指挥。


徐向前就被任命为八路军第一纵队司令员，统一指挥山东境内的所有八路军部队。虽然任期不长，在徐向前的统领下，八路军第一纵队发展却非常迅猛，最终整编成五个旅。

这五个旅的旅长都是谁呢？

第一旅旅长王建安，湖北红安人，王建安是红四方面军的老将，曾经担任过军政委，是正军级将领。抗日战争时期，王建安没有在八路军的序列中任职，而是被派往山东战场。

他是山东纵队的副指挥兼第一旅旅长，在山东战斗了许多年。到了解放战争时期，王建安成为华东野战军第八纵队司令员，然后升任第七兵团司令员，是三野四大兵团司令员之一。

因为脾气大等各种原因，王建安在1956年被授上将，他也是57位开国上将之一。

第二旅旅长叫孙继先，山东曹县人，是红军强渡大渡河的英雄。八路军成立，孙继先在129师担任团参谋长，然后也来到了山东战场，他本是山东人，回到家乡打日本鬼子。


从那时候开始，孙继先也是长期战斗在山东，担任第二旅旅长。解放战争时期，他是第八纵队司令员，是王建安的副手。第22军成立，孙继先是首任军长，1955年被授中将军衔。

王建安在建国后一直担任大军区副司令员，先后在沈阳军区、济南军区和福州军区等三个大军区任职，孙继先只担任过济南军区副司令员。


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然后是第三旅，旅长的名气最大，他就是许世友。许世友曾经是徐向前手下的军长，他怎么也跑到山东了呢？对于一代名将许世友来说，山东是他的福地。

抗战爆发，八路军中根本找不到许世友的名字，新四军中也没有他的名字。猛将许世友去哪里了呢？他在延安因为批判张国焘问题，而锒铛入狱了。

幸好毛主席出面，做通了许世友的思想工作，然后把他派到了山东，让他杀出一片天。许世友没有辜负毛主席，他在山东战斗了许多年，担任了第三旅旅长、胶东军区司令员、山东兵团司令员等等。


建国后，许世友成为资深的大军区司令员，担任过南京军区司令员，1973年八大军区司令员对调，又担任了广州军区司令员。

第四旅旅长廖容标，他的名气相对小一些。廖容标是江西赣县人，中央红军将领。八路军成立，也没有他的名字，廖容标被秘密派到山东，以当体育教师为掩护，发展抗日武装。
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从此廖容标也在山东战斗了许多年，许世友挥师解放济南，廖容标担任济南警备区司令员，1955年被授中将军衔。建国后担任过南京军区副司令员，成为许世友的副手。

第五旅旅长叫吴克华，江西弋阳人，也是中央红军将领。吴克华也没有在八路军中任职，先是被派往上海，从事革命运动，然后又去了山东，担任了第五旅旅长。

抗战胜利，山东部队大部分要跟随罗荣桓去东北，许世友的爱将聂凤智也被抽走了。许世友舍不得聂凤智，使了一个心眼，说聂凤智正害病，还可能传染，最终把聂凤智留下来。

而吴克华替聂凤智去了东北，担任了东北野战军第四纵队司令员。1955年，吴克华被授中将军衔，他在1980年接替许世友担任广州军区司令员。
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这五位旅长，王建安和许世友都是徐向前的老部下，都是开国上将。孙继先廖容标和吴克华都是中央红军将领，都是开国中将。许世友和吴克华一前一后担任了广州军区司令员。