本文摘自《佛学次第统编》第二章第二节。
This article is excerpted from Chapter 2, Section 2 of the Unified Compilation of Buddhist Substantiations.
12.2.1 初禅 First Meditation (fig. 12.0-8)
初禅者，行人先须趺坐调息，从粗住细住，阶欲界（如图12.0-23）定。次后身心泯然虚豁，行人失去欲界之身，坐中不见头手，床敷犹若虚空；此为未到地定，能生初禅，即是初禅方便，亦名未来禅。得此相已，初勿惊恐，亦勿欢喜，惊喜皆能招魔。勿向人说，说则永失，不可复得，譬如种树，不可露根。
In the first meditation, the migrator necessarily sits with the cross-legged sitting (aka lotus flower seat) to adjust intents along breaths, intentionally dwells from rough to slim, and steps up from Desire Boundary (cf. fig. 12.0-23) stillness. After that, the body and heart are easily emptied, migrator is losing the body of desire boundary, sitting in the head and hands can not be seen, the bed is like a void. That is nonarrival stillness, which can give birth to first meditation, is the convenience of the first meditation, aka future meditation. When this phase has been obtained, do not be alarmed at first, and do not rejoice, for surprises can attract devils. Don't tell people about it; if you do, it will be lost forever and cannot be regained, like planting a tree and not exposing its roots.
若于未到地中，行人入定渐深，身心虚寂，不见内外。或经一日，乃至七日，或一月乃至一年，定心不坏，守护增长，行人忽觉身心凝然，运运而动。当动之时，行人还觉渐渐有身，如云如影动发，或从上发，或从下发，或从腰发，渐渐遍身。上发多退，下发多进。
If in nonarrival land stillness, migrator enters the stillness deeper and deeper, body and heart are silently vague, can’t see inside and outside. Or after one day, up to seven days, or one month up to a year, the still heart isn’t damaged, and is guarded to grow, migrator suddenly feels that body and heart are condensation like, surging and urgingly to move. When the time to move, migrator also feel gradually have a body, such as clouds and shadows are forming, or rise from the top, or rise from the bottom, or arouse from the waist, gradually spread all over the body. The top arousal is more retreating, and the bottom arousal is more advancing.
动触发时，功德无量，此略说十种善法眷属，与动俱起：一、定，二、空，三、明净，四、喜悦，五、乐，六、善心生，七、知见明了，八、无累解脱，九、境界现前，十、心调柔软。如是十种胜妙功德庄严动法，此则略说初动触相。如是，或经一日，或经十日，或一月四月，乃至一年，此事既过，复有余触，次第而发，然亦无定前后，故此禅名初禅（如图12.0-8）。
At the time of touch movements are surging up, there are infinite merits and virtues; here is a brief description of the ten kinds of benevolent laws and their affiliations aroused aggregately: 1. stillness, 2. emptiness, 3. clarity, 4. delightfulness, 5. laugh, 6. the birth of benevolent heart, 7. explicitly knows and views, 8. non-accumulative emancipation, 9. manifestation of environmental boundaries, 10. heart adjusted soft and docile. Such are the ten kinds of victorious wonderful fortunate virtuous majestic touch laws, and that is a brief description of initial movement phenomena of touch. As such, or after one day, or after ten days, or after one month, four months, even a year, that affair has passed, and there are other touches, which occur in succession, but there is no certainty before and after, hence name of First Meditation (i.e., fig. 12.0-8).
言余触者，即前动触为一，二、痒，三、凉，四、暖，五、轻，六、重，七、涩，八、滑。复有八触：一、掉，二、猗，三、冷，四、热，五、浮，六、沉，七、坚，八、软。此八与前八虽同，而细分别，不无小异。此十六触，随一发时，悉有十种善法功德眷属。行人因未到地，发如是等诸触功德善法，故名初禅初发。并是色界清净四大种（参见11.2节），依欲界身中而发。
The rest of the touches, preceding saying is the first, 2. itchy, 3. cool, 4. warm, 5. light, 6. heavy, 7. astringent, and 8. slippery. There are also eight other touches: 1. falling, 2. ripple, 3. cold, 4. hot, 5. floating, 6. sinking, 7. hard, and 8. soft. These eight and the first eight are the same, but the fine distinction is not without small differences. These sixteen touches, along each arousal, all have ten kinds of benevolent juristic fortunate virtuous family dependants. Because of nonarrival stillness, migrator aroused such etc. fortunes and virtues of touch, and are therefore called initial arousal of First Meditation. And are the four immaculate Big Seeds of the color boundary (cf. section 11.2), which emanate from the body of desire boundary.
行人从此舍离欲界五欲、五盖，得初禅五支功德：觉，观，喜，乐，一心。五欲者，色欲、声欲、香欲、味欲，触欲是也。五盖者，贪欲盖、嗔恚盖、惛沉睡眠盖、掉举恶作盖、疑盖是也，（参见14.2节烦恼的名）。
From this point on, migrator who has given up the five desires and the five veils of desire boundary, attains the five fortunes and virtues of the first meditation: perception, view, delight, laugh, and one heart. The five desires are: color desire, sound desire, fragrance desire, taste desire, and touch desire.  The five veils are: greedily desire, irritation & indignity, sleep, frustration & regret, and suspicion (cf. section 14.2 Names of Annoyances).
一、觉支，初心在缘名觉，谓行人依未到地发初禅，色界清净色法，触欲界身根，心大惊悟。尔时即生身识觉此色触，未曾有功德利益，故名觉支。
1. Perception Branch, initial heart on the objective is named as perception, that is to say, the migrator based on nonarrival aroused first meditation, its heart had a great shockingly perception that Desire Boundary’s body roots touched by Color Boundary’s immaculate color laws. At that time, the immediate born body senses perceiving the color touches, are never-had fortunate virtues and profitable benefits, so the name of Perception Branch.
二、观支，细心分别名观，谓行人既证初禅功德，即以细心分别此禅定中色法诸妙功德境界分明，无诸盖覆。如是等功德，欲界之所未有，故名观支。
2. View Branch, to deliberately discern is named as view, the saying is that Migrator has proved the fortunes and virtues of first meditation, that is to say, with a fine heart to distinguish those wonderful fortunate virtuous color laws among the meditational stillness, with clear environments and boundaries, without all those veil covers. Thus etc. merits and virtues, desire boundary does not have, so the name of view branch.
三、喜支，欣庆之心名喜，谓行人初发禅时，乃有喜生，但分别未了，故喜心未成。若观心分别，所舍欲界之乐甚少；今护得初禅，利益甚多，如是思惟已，则欢喜无量，故名喜支。
3. Delight Branch, delightful celebration heart is named as delight, that is to say, when the migrator was just arousing meditation, there was delight, but the distinguishment had not been completed, so the delightful heart was not fully formed. If viewing heart discerns like that, the delight of desire boundary given up is very little; now has guarded and attained the first meditation, the benefits are great, after thinking in this way, joyful delight is infinite, hence the Delight Branch.
四、乐支，怡悦之心名乐，谓行人发初禅时，乃即有乐，但分别喜，动涌心息，则恬然静虑，受于乐触怡悦之快，故名乐支。（注解，喜和乐的区别，参见11.4.2节的《受蕴》。）
4. Laugh Branch, harmoniously pleasant, agreeably pleasure is named as laugh, that is to say, when the first meditation was just arising, migrator immediately had laugh, but discerning delight tranquilized surging movements of heart, then agreeably secluded in peace, accepting pleasures of laugh touches, so it is called the Laugh Branch. (Annotation, for the difference between delight and laugh, see Section 11.4.2 Acceptance Node.)
五、一心支，心与定一名为一心。谓行人初证禅时，乃即着定，而心犹依觉观喜乐之心，故有微细之散，若喜乐息，自然心与定一，故名一心支。
5. One Heart Branch means that heart and stillness are one. It is said that when the migrator proofed the first meditation, that was a stillness of immediate landing, and the heart is still based on hearts of delight and laugh, so there is a slight dispersion. After the delight and laugh are rested, the natural heart and stillness are united as one, so name of One Heart Branch.
若在人中坐禅，得此根本初禅，不失不退，则命终已，随初禅力深浅，必生于神众天、神辅天、或大神天（如图12.0-8；参见13.2.1节），是为初禅天因也。
If the sitting meditation practitioner is among human beings (cf. Fig 12.0-18) and attains this fundamental first Meditation, without losing or retreating, then when life is over, depending on the depth of one's first meditation power, one is bound to be born in the Godly Crowd Sky, Godly Assistant Sky, or Great God Sky (refers to illustration 12.0-8, and section 13.2.1), and this is the cause of first meditation skies.
12.2.2 二禅 Second Meditation (fig. 12.0-7)
二禅（如图12.0-7）者，若于初禅定中，行人厌离觉观，入中间禅，从未到地，专心不止。于后其心豁然，明净皎洁；定心与喜俱发，具足四支功德：内净、喜、乐，一心。
In the second meditation (cf. 12.0-7), if in the first meditation, a migrator is satiated perceptive views, enters the middle meditation; on the nonarrival land, concentration does not stop. Afterward, the heart is strikingly open, brightly immaculate; still heart and delight concurrently arouse, fully with four branches of merits and virtues, namely, internal immaculateness, delight, laugh, and one heart. 
一、内净支，心无觉观之浑浊，故名内净。欲离初禅时，行人种种诃责觉观；觉观既灭，则心内静。心与静色法相应，豁尔明静，故名内净支。
1. Internal Immaculateness Branch is saying that the heart is free from the turbulence of perceptive views. When desiring to leave the first meditation, migrator did kinds of denouncing reprimanding to perceptive views; perceptive views faded, then heart became quiet, without any disquietudes. The heart corresponds to the immaculate color laws, openly bright and quiet, hence the name Internal Immaculateness.
二、喜支，欣庆之心名喜，谓行人初得内静时，即与喜俱发，而喜心未成。次心自庆得免觉观之患，获得胜定内净之喜，欢喜无量，故名喜支。
2. Delight Branch, delightfully celebrating heart is the name of delight, that is to say, when meditator first gets the inner quietness, that is, with the delight concurrently arising, but the delightful heart is not fully formed. Later, the heart of self-celebration to be free from the faults of perceptive views, is delighted by the internal immaculateness gain of the victorious stillness, the joyful delight is infinite, hence the name of Delight Branch.
三、乐支，怡悦之心名乐。谓行人喜涌之情既息，则怡然静虑，受于内净喜中之悦乐，故名乐支。
3. Laugh Branch, cheerfully agreeable pleasant is named as laugh. It is said that the migrator's surges of delightful feelings have been rested, then an agreeably quiet mind, enjoyably accepting the pleasantly laugh of internal immaculateness, hence the name of Laugh Branch.
四、一心支，心与定一，谓之一心，谓行人喜乐心息，则心与定一，澄渟不动，故名一心支。
4. One Heart Branch means that the heart and the stillness are one. The saying is that the migrator’s delight and laugh happy heart rest, then the heart and the stillness are one, stagnant, so it is called One Heart Branch.
此名为根本二禅。若人坐禅得此，随其浅深，命终必生少光天、无量光天、或光音天（参见插图12.0-7和第13.2.2节）中。二禅是二禅天之因。
This is called the fundamental second meditation. If a human practices the sitting meditation and gains this, according to its shallow and deep, after life definitely will be born in lesser light sky, infinite light sky, or light sound sky (refer to Fig 12.0-7, and section 13.2.2). The second meditation is the cause of the second meditation skies.
12.2.3 三禅 Third Meditation (fig. 12.0-6)
若于二禅，行人厌离喜相，入中间禅，从未到地，行人澄静其心，泯然入定，不依内外，与乐俱发，具足五支功德：舍，念，慧，乐，一心。
If in the second meditation, migrator is satiated with delightful phenomena, leaves, enters middle meditation. In nonarrival land (or meditation), migrator pacifies his heart, doesn’t depend on inner and outer, concurrently stillness and laugh surge up, is fully with the five branches of merits and virtues: renunciation, spell, gnosis, laugh, and one heart.
一、舍支，离喜不悔名舍。行人欲离二禅时，种种诃责二禅之喜，喜既灭谢，三禅（如图12.0-6）即发。若证三禅之乐，则舍二禅之喜，不生悔心，故名为舍，亦名三禅乐。初生时，是乐三界第一，能生心着。心着则禅坏，故须行舍。
1. Renunciation Branch, relinquishing delight without regret is named as renunciation. When a migrator wants to leave the second meditation, scolds the delight of second meditation; then the delight fades, and the third meditation arises. Wanting to proof the laugh of the third meditation (cf. fig. 12.0-6), one should give up the delight of the second meditation without regret, hence the name of Renunciation, alias Third Meditation Laugh. When it is newly born, is No.1 among the Three Boundaries (which means the whole Three-Grand Great-Grand Worlds, cf. fig. 12.0), can generate obsession. If heart obsesses it, the meditation will be broken, so it is necessary to perform the Renunciation.
二、念支，念名爱念。谓行人既发三禅之乐，乐从内起，应须爱念将养，则乐得增长，乃至遍身，如慈母念子，爱念将养，故名念支。
2. Spell Branch, spell is name for mumbles of love. The saying is that migrator who have aroused the laugh of third meditation, laugh from within, should be nourished by love spells, then the laugh grows, and even spreads all over the body. Such as a merciful mother who reads her son, nurtures by love spellings, hence it is called Spell Branch.
三、慧支，解知之心名慧。行人既发三禅之乐，此乐微妙，难得增长，若非善巧解慧，则不能方便长养此乐得遍身也。
3. Gnosis Branch, heart of interpreting know is named as gnosis. Migrator has aroused the laugh of third meditation, which is delicate and wonderful, and hard to have it grown up. If not having benevolent smart interpreting gnosis, migrator can’t expediently adopt and raise it long enough to fulfill whole body.  
 
四、乐支，怡悦之心名乐。行人发三禅乐已，若能善用舍念慧，将护此乐，乐既无过，则增长遍身，怡悦安快。三禅为最乐，若离三禅，则余地更无遍身之乐也。
4. Laugh Branch, agreeably pleasure is named as laugh. After migrator has aroused third meditation laugh, if can utilize renunciation, spell, and gnosis to guard the laugh, then it will not just pass away, will grow all over the body, pleasant and peaceful. Third meditation is the most laugh; after third meditation, there isn’t pervasively bodily laugh anymore in further to go.
五、一心支，心与定一，名曰一心。行人受乐心息，则心自与定法为一，澄渟不动也。注解，定是一位别境心所有法；在佛教的百法中，只有念定慧，此三法能持心。
5. One Heart Branch, heart and stillness are one, hence One Heart. When the heart of accepting laugh is cessative, the heart and stillness merge as one, transparently stagnant, immovability. Annotation, stillness is a position of Circumstantial Heartland Laws; among all Buddhist 100 laws, only Spell, Stillness, and Gnosis (i.e., heart of interpreting knows, a kind of intelligence), the three laws can hold the heart (i.e., mind).
此名为根本三禅，若人坐禅得此，随其浅深，命终必生少净等天中（参见插图12.0-6和13.2.3节），是为三禅天因也。
This is called the Fundamental Third Meditation. Such as a human does the sitting meditation and obtains this, according to its deep and shallow, after life will be born in the Maculate Sky, Immaculate Sky, or Bliss Sky (refers to fig. 12.0-6, and section 13.2.3). This is the cause for the third meditation skies.
12.2.4 四禅 Fourth Meditation (fig. 12.0-5)
四禅（如图12.0-5）者，若于第三禅定，行人厌离乐法，深见过患，入中间禅。心无散动，得未到地定。于后其心豁然开发，定心安隐，行人出入呼吸断，具足四支功德：不苦不乐，舍，念清净，一心。
Fourth Meditation (cf. 12.0-5), if, in the third meditation, a migrator is averse to law of laugh and sees the excesses deeply, he enters the middle meditation. The heart is free from dispersion and has attained the “nonarrival land stillness”. Afterwards, the still heart secludes, migrator’s inward and outward breathing ceases, has achieved the four branches of merits and virtues: neither bitter nor laugh, renunciation, spelling immaculateness, one heart.
一、不苦不乐支，不苦不乐，中庸之心也。行人欲离三禅时，种种因缘，诃责于乐。乐既谢灭，则不动之定，与舍俱发，故行人内心湛然，不苦不乐也。
1. Neither Bitter nor Laugh Branch, neither bitter nor laugh is neutral heart. When the migrator desired to leave third meditation, for kinds of causes, scolded the laughs. Laughs faded; then the Immovability Stillness is surging up concurrently with renunciation, therefore migrator’s internal heart is bright tranquility, is neither bitter nor laugh.
二、舍支，离乐不悔名舍。行人既得第四禅，不动真定，则舍三禅难舍之乐，不生悔心，故名舍支。亦云：证四禅不动定时，不应取定起动念心，若心行舍，则无动念之乖也。
2. Renunciation Branch, leaving laugh without regret is named as renunciation. After migrator achieved the fourth meditation, the immovability true stillness, then not regretting the abandonment of third meditation’s laugh, therefore name of Renunciation Branch. Also, the saying that when proofing fourth meditation, the Immovability Stillness, should not fetch stillness, arouse spelling heart; if heart migrates on renunciation, there is not the convenience of utilising spell.
三、念清净支，念即爱念。谓行人既得四禅真定，当念下地之过，复念自己功德，方便将养，令不退失，进入胜品，故名为念。亦云：是四禅中，有不动照了，正念分明，故名念支。
3. Spell Immaculateness Branch. Spell is mumbling of love. The saying is that when migrator gains the fourth meditation, should spell the faults of the lower land, but also reads own merits and virtues, the convenience of nurture, so as not to lose, into the victorious grade, so it is called the Spell. Also, the saying that in fourth meditation, there is immovable illumination, correct spells are lucidly clear, therefore name of Spell Branch.
四、一心支，心与定一，名一心支。谓行人既得四禅之定，复用舍念将护，则心无所依，泯然凝寂，一心在定，犹如明镜不动，净水无波，湛然而照，万象皆现。
4. One Heart Branch, the heart and the stillness are oneness, hence One Heart Branch. That is to say that migrator has been fourth meditation, but also with renunciative spells to guard, then heart has not reliant, deadly crystallized silence, one heart in stillness, as if the mirror does not move, no waves of pure water, clear and light, all phenomena are on manifestations.
此名为根本四禅。若人坐禅得此，随其浅深，命终必生无云天、福生天、广果天等九天中（参见插图12.0-5和13.2.4节）。此定为四禅天因。
This is the name of Fundamental Fourth Meditation. If a human sits meditation and gain this, according to its deep or shallow, after life definitely is reborn in No Cloud Sky, Fortune Birth Sky, or Broad Fruit Sky, etc. nine skies. This stillness is cause for the fourth meditation skies.
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