请写篇文章回答“如何评价「西方国家如今的高福利是靠前几百年『掠夺』全世界」这一说法？”在无人工厂连灯都不用装的今天，我想，人们应该能比较清晰地认识到：按劳分配再合理再道德，也是不切实际的口号。实际只是按级别分配而已，未必会比按资本分配更公平。 按劳分配是句口号，没有可操作性，计件？计时？

尤其是在有的工厂无人到不需要装灯，连脑力劳动都开始转交借ai的当代。
既然资本剥削劳动力并不成立，那么西方掠夺世界也不成立。

真正的问题是摩登经济过分追求垄断、标准发、军事组织化以实现快速扩张。

这不仅仅是被股票市场驱动的，也表现在各种摩登国家追求自身快速崛起上，无论是以股东的名义还是国家，民族，人民，甚至全人类的名义。离开一个个个体谈集体，不是空谈，就是欺骗。
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如何评价“西方国家如今的高福利是靠前几百年‘掠夺’全世界”这一说法？

关于西方国家今天享有的高福利制度是否源自几百年来对全世界的掠夺，这一说法在某些层面上有其合理性，但若从更广阔的视角来看，它可能忽视了现代社会和经济结构的演变，尤其是在技术革新和全球化背景下，经济运行机制的变化已经不再是单纯的“掠夺与剥削”。此外，现代经济中的不平等与资本积累并非单纯由历史上的掠夺所造成，而更多的是由当前的经济模式、技术发展及权力结构所驱动。

一、掠夺与资本积累的历史背景
西方国家的经济发展，尤其是其高福利制度的建立，的确与近现代几百年的殖民扩张和全球资源掠夺有深刻联系。通过殖民主义和帝国主义，西方列强在几百年的时间里对世界许多国家和地区进行了大规模的资源剥削和劳动力征用，积累了大量财富。这一历史过程不仅形成了财富的全球不平衡，还推动了西方国家资本主义的快速发展。

然而，随着时代的变迁，这种“掠夺”方式已经发生了变化，尤其是进入信息化时代后，全球经济结构和财富的生产方式发生了深刻变化。现代的财富积累更为依赖技术创新、资本市场的运作、全球化的贸易体系以及控制知识产权等非传统的“掠夺”方式。

二、按劳分配与按级别分配的现实
当代社会，尤其是在科技高度发展的今天，传统的按劳分配的理念变得越来越难以实现。你提到的“无人工厂”和“脑力劳动由AI承担”的现象，实际上揭示了现代经济中的根本变化。随着人工智能和自动化技术的发展，许多传统的劳动岗位正在消失，而这不仅仅是制造业的问题，服务业和知识型工作也在被智能技术取代。在这种背景下，按劳分配的方式似乎不再具备现实操作性。

实际上，现代社会的资源分配早已不是简单的“按劳分配”，而是更为复杂的按级别分配。在这种分配模式下，人们的社会地位、权力和资源的获取，往往依赖于他们在经济体系中的位置，而非他们付出了多少劳动。大公司高管、股东和资本所有者往往能够从企业的扩张中获得巨额回报，而普通劳工无论是体力劳动还是脑力劳动，往往难以获得与其贡献相称的回报。正如你所指出的，现代社会中，按级别分配不一定比按资本分配更公平，反而可能加剧社会的不平等。

三、现代经济中的垄断与军事组织化
现代经济的真正问题，并不仅仅在于资本对劳动的剥削，或者某些国家对全球资源的掠夺，更深层次的问题是摩登经济体系本身的结构性问题。全球范围内，垄断、标准化和军事化的扩张成为了推动经济增长的核心动力。

在资本主义体系中，尤其是现代的数字经济和金融资本主义时代，资本通过不断的并购、技术创新和市场扩展，形成了大规模的经济垄断。这种垄断不仅限于传统产业，还扩展到了信息技术、通讯、能源等领域。大公司通过控制核心技术、标准和数据，不仅决定了市场规则，还能够操控全球资源的配置。

同时，国家之间的军事竞争和政治斗争也不容忽视。现代国家的崛起不仅仅依赖于经济手段，还涉及到军事力量和战略扩张。无论是冷战时期的超级大国对抗，还是当今的地区冲突与代理战争，经济力量与军事力量之间的关系日益紧密。西方国家在追求自身利益的过程中，常常通过军事组织和政治手段确保其经济利益最大化。

四、集体主义的空谈与个人的真实需求
你提到，“离开一个个体谈集体，不是空谈，就是欺骗。”这一观点非常切中现代社会的一个痛点。许多时候，所谓的“集体利益”往往是以国家、民族或全人类的名义进行的抽象论述，但这些口号背后，隐藏的是特定集团和精英阶层的实际利益。

例如，在全球化的背景下，虽然许多国家在集体层面进行合作，但这种合作往往并未平等地惠及所有个体。跨国公司、国际组织和强国在全球治理中占据主导地位，而弱小国家和个体往往处于不利地位。因此，集体主义的理念如果脱离了个体的需求和实际利益，最终可能变成一种对个体的压迫与剥削。

五、结语：掠夺与现代经济的深层次关系
总的来说，西方国家的高福利制度确实与其几百年来的殖民掠夺有密切关系，但现代经济的结构和财富分配方式已经发生了深刻变化。今天的世界并非单纯通过“掠夺”来实现财富积累，更多的是依靠技术、资本市场和全球化体系的运行。而在这个过程中，按劳分配早已不再现实，现代社会更为普遍的是按级别分配，这种分配方式未必比按资本分配更公平。

现代经济的核心问题在于过度追求垄断和资源集中，全球范围内的经济扩张不仅仅是通过资本和劳动力的剥削来实现的，更多的是通过控制关键资源和技术实现的。最终，离开个体谈集体的经济和社会模式，往往是无法真正实现公平与正义的。






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How to Evaluate the Statement: "The High Welfare of Western Countries Today is Built on Centuries of 'Plunder' of the World?"

The argument that Western countries' high welfare systems today are a result of centuries of global plunder holds some merit in certain respects. However, when viewed from a broader perspective, this statement overlooks the evolution of modern social and economic structures. In particular, it ignores how economic mechanisms, powered by technological innovation and globalization, have evolved. The modern economy operates through a much more complex system than simple "plunder and exploitation." Furthermore, economic inequality and wealth accumulation today are driven by the current economic model, technological advances, and power structures, not merely by historical exploitation.

1. The Historical Context of Plunder and Capital Accumulation
There is no doubt that the economic rise of Western countries, and the establishment of their high welfare systems, is deeply linked to centuries of colonial expansion and global resource extraction. Through colonialism and imperialism, Western powers spent hundreds of years exploiting the resources and labor of many parts of the world, accumulating vast amounts of wealth. This historical process not only created global wealth imbalances but also drove the rapid development of capitalism in the West.

However, as time has passed, the method of "plunder" has changed significantly, especially with the advent of the information age. The global economic structure and the ways wealth is produced have undergone profound transformations. Modern wealth accumulation is now largely driven by technological innovation, capital market operations, intellectual property control, and other non-traditional forms of "plunder."

2. The Unrealistic Nature of Labor Distribution
In today's world, especially in light of advanced technologies, the traditional concept of "distributing based on labor" has become increasingly impractical. The phenomenon you mentioned, where "factories with no human workers don’t need to install lights" and "intellectual labor is being outsourced to AI," is a clear indication of the fundamental shift in modern economies. As artificial intelligence and automation technology develop, many traditional jobs are disappearing, and this issue isn't limited to manual labor—service and intellectual labor are also being replaced by smart technologies. In this context, the idea of distributing based on labor seems increasingly unfeasible.

In fact, the modern economy's resource distribution is no longer merely "based on labor"; it is a more complex system of distribution based on levels of power and status. In this system, a person’s social position, influence, and access to resources are often determined not by how much labor they have contributed, but by their position within the economic structure. CEOs, shareholders, and capital owners typically receive substantial returns from the expansion of their businesses, while ordinary workers, whether performing manual labor or intellectual work, often fail to receive compensation proportional to their contributions. As you pointed out, the modern system of distribution based on "levels" is not necessarily fairer than one based on capital distribution.

3. Modern Economy’s Obsession with Monopoly and Militarization
The true problem with today’s economy is not just the exploitation of labor by capital or the historical plundering of resources, but the structural issues within the modern economic system itself. In the global economy, monopolies, standardization, and militarization have become key drivers of economic growth.

In capitalism, especially in the age of digital and financial capitalism, capital accumulates by continuously merging, innovating technologies, and expanding markets to form large-scale monopolies. These monopolies are not limited to traditional industries; they also extend to information technology, communications, energy, and other fields. Large corporations control core technologies, standards, and data, not only determining market rules but also orchestrating the global allocation of resources.

At the same time, the interconnection between military competition and political struggles cannot be ignored. The rise of modern states is not just based on economic means but also on military power and strategic expansion. Whether during the Cold War with the superpower standoff or in today’s regional conflicts and proxy wars, economic power and military power are increasingly intertwined. Western countries, in pursuit of their own interests, often ensure their economic benefits through military organizations and political strategies.

4. The Empty Talk of Collectivism and the Real Needs of Individuals
You mentioned, “Talking about the collective without individuals is either empty talk or deception.” This point directly addresses a core issue in modern society. Often, so-called "collective interests" are abstract discussions made in the name of the state, the nation, or even all of humanity, but behind these slogans lie the real interests of specific groups and elites.

For instance, in the context of globalization, while many countries cooperate at the collective level, this cooperation rarely benefits every individual equally. Transnational corporations, international organizations, and powerful states dominate global governance, while weaker countries and individuals remain at a disadvantage. Therefore, when collectivism is discussed without addressing the real needs and interests of individuals, it often becomes a tool for oppression and exploitation.

5. Conclusion: The Deeper Relationship Between Plunder and Modern Economics
In conclusion, while it is true that Western countries' high welfare systems are historically linked to centuries of plunder, the modern economic structure and wealth distribution mechanisms have undergone profound changes. Today’s global economy is no longer driven by simple “plunder,” but rather by technological advancements, capital market dynamics, and globalization. In this system, labor-based distribution has become impractical, and the real-world resource allocation follows a system of "level-based" distribution, which may not be fairer than capital-based distribution.

The core issue of today’s economy lies in the excessive pursuit of monopoly and resource concentration. Global economic expansion is driven not only by the exploitation of capital and labor but also by the control of key resources and technologies. Ultimately, discussing collectivism without focusing on the needs of the individual often leads to a system that fails to achieve true fairness and justice for all.