https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004_enlargement_of_the_European_Union

在2003年波兰欧盟成员国公民投票中批准该条约后，波兰和其他9个国家于2004年5月1日成为欧盟成员国。

After the ratification of that Treaty in the Polish European Union membership referendum, 2003, Poland and other 9 countries became the members of EU on 1 May 2004.

 

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_Poland

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forests_of_Poland

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Poland

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Lakes_of_Poland

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Poland


主要产业

Ÿ  机器制造

Ÿ  铁和钢

Ÿ  采煤

Ÿ  化学制品

Ÿ  造船

Ÿ  食品加工

Ÿ  玻璃

 

Main industries

Ÿ  machine building

Ÿ  iron and steel

Ÿ  mining coal

Ÿ  chemicals

Ÿ  ship building

Ÿ  food processing

Ÿ  glass


出口商品

机械和运输设备37.8％，中间制造品23.7％，杂项制品17.1％，食品和活畜7.6％

Export goods

machinery and transport equipment 37.8%, intermediate manufactured goods 23.7%, miscellaneous manufactured articles 17.1%, food and live animals 7.6% 

 

进口货物

机械和运输设备38.0％，中间制品21.0％，化学品15.0％，矿物，燃料，润滑油及相关材料9.0％
Import goods

machinery and transport equipment 38.0%, intermediate manufactured goods 21.0%, chemicals 15.0%, minerals, fuels, lubricants and related materials 9.0%

 

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_in_Poland


煤炭开采对当地水资源产生深远影响。煤炭开采需要大量的水。采矿活动降低了水位。罗兹地区的Bełchatów电站提供了近20％的波兰能源。它是欧洲最大的褐煤发电厂。2008年，煤电厂的电力净流量为143 TWh。截至2014年底，波兰在可再生能源使用中所占比例为11.45％占总能源消耗的百分比。2015年，水电产生了波兰总电力的约1.1％。非处方药市场约占市场总价值的三分之一，其中包括药物和非药物，如膳食补充剂，化妆品，敷料，牙科材料，诊断测试和医疗器械。

 

Coal mining has far-reaching effects on local water resources. Coal mining requires large amounts of water. Mining activities have dropped the water level.The Bełchatów Power Station in the Łódź region supplies almost 20% of Poland's energy. It is the largest brown coal power plant in Europe.  In 2008, a net 143 TWh of electricity were produced in coal-based power plants.As of year end 2014 Poland had achieved an 11.45% share of renewable energy use as a percentage of overall energy usage.  In 2015 hydroelectricity generated approximately 1.1% of total electricity in Poland.  The non-prescription medicines market, which accounts for about one-third of the total market value, this includes drugs and non-drugs such as dietary supplements, cosmetics, dressings, dental materials, diagnostic tests and medical devices.