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我反正做不到的,我让季羡林来说。也说说德国人的阿米尼乌斯

送交者: maddogs[♂☆★★认真的青铜★★☆♂] 于 2021-06-12 1:32 已读 5693 次  

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《北大-季羡林文丛.学问之道》第98页—100页《爱国主义》:

必须分辨清楚。在历史上曾经同汉族敌对过的一些少数民族,今天已经成为中华民族的一部分。有人主张,当年被推崇为爱国者的一些人,今天不应该再强调这一点。否则就会影响民族团结。我个人认为,这个说法是完全不能接受的。我们是历史唯物主义者,当年表面上是民族之间的敌对行为,而实际上是国与国之间的问题,不是国内民族间的矛盾。这是历史事实,我们必须承认。怎么能把今天的民放政策硬套在古代的敌国之间的矛盾上呢?如果是这样的话,我们全国人民千百年所异常崇敬的民族英雄,如岳飞、文天祥等等,岂不都成了破坏团结的罪人了吗?中国历史上还能有什么爱国者呢?这种说法之有害、之不正确,是显而易见的。”

造神?!老外不光造。。。就算被法西斯玷污过了,一样用~~别再说岳飞影响团结了,金国那个年代根本不是中国的一部分(别搞得和第一天知道造神一样,至少已经不是纯真年代了,成熟一点。。。中国根本不造神,中国的都是历史。哪怕孔子也只是一个人,不是神。。。。。古希腊,古罗马眼里今天的这些台面上体面无比的西方人,都只是野蛮人,蛮族。。。你以为他们继承的是罗马?。。。他们抢了古罗马的尸体,把自己标榜成神而已。。。。日耳曼,凯尔特,高卢那一个不是古罗马驱逐的蛮族。西罗还死在日耳曼手里。。。。他们换个马甲都是文明人了(任何带鹰标志的,不都是以新罗自居么。。。)。。。富了几年,强了几年,就是永恒了?连文化底蕴和标志都是捡来的。。。底蕴在那摆着呢。。。。少和我在那以实力来基础定义“秩序”,用秩序观和我论来论去的:那你难怪同情汪精卫了,他不是人精得把实力看得透彻清楚了,中日当年的一切洞若观火<喜欢秩序,喜欢强大,并投身进去,那他背负骂名,我觉得他该有这觉悟,也不用太过替他悲伤。这就是因果,就是代价,他自己的选择,如你一样。>。。。也难怪你要灭了岳飞这个文化标志了,那是不屈的精神么(我不喜欢宋,就是经常从上至下的打断这种不屈,为了后来的各种屈埋下了根源。。。所以我说过,不是岳飞多了,而是少了,他为代表的一代不屈的魂,少了)。。。你早就屈了,精神就屈了,膝盖更屈了,还要把周围人也和你一样搞得屈的。。。。我就是烦你自己屈了,还觉得大家都该屈,屈才是真理,屈才是正义~~我就不乐意,你爱屈不屈。。。也少打着上帝的名号,~ 我眼里你不配~多少恶以神之名)


德国人怎么看待阿米尼乌斯?

英文维基上说19世纪后民族主义兴起,阿米尼乌斯被德国的民族主义者视为民族英雄甚至德意志的象征,但是由于第三帝国也吹阿米尼乌斯,二战后德国人为了去纳粹化,在教科书上都不会提到阿米尼乌斯,从而导致许多德国人都不知道阿米尼乌斯,这是真的吗?
当今德国人还会不会把阿米尼乌斯和民族主义甚至第三帝国联系在一起?如果没有的话,他们是如何看待阿米尼乌斯的?




德国人自己写的一段~



Gunter Schoech

Debrouillage Ltd. 执行董事

I am a German, and I learned about Arminius in Junior High school. I often drive by a gigantic monument and statue at the place where the battle against the Romans probably took place. His legacy does fine in Germany!

(人也是中学就学的英雄人物。。。带领日耳曼以弱胜强——战胜古罗马的一段历史~~最后也是被捕杀了。。。人就不是造神,人就不是神话,人就可以敬仰民族英雄~~关键法西斯一样崇拜他,处处标榜他。。。可时至今日,依然不能减弱德国人对民族英雄的热爱~~Oee可喜欢把自己架在上帝视角来俯视众生。。。好像这是中国的特例,要抽掉中国的英雄,才能维护他心底的正义。。。。至少我是那么主观解读他近期的思想的)




(在广场上,就不算是庙宇,对于雕像就不能算作是敬仰和膜拜,不是神话。Oee原话大意~~

中国的香火就是“拜神”,尤其岳王庙就是神话的历史,西方的哪怕是上帝的教堂也不是上帝下令修建的,自然也是圣洁无暇的,和中国完全不一样~~棒呆)

I don't agree with what Wikipedia says about modern Germans.

Sure, Arminius was a historic German hero which the Nazis were all too happy to adopt. But that does not mean that the Nazi stain is now stuck on Arminius.

It is similar as with Hitler's foible for the composer Richard Wagner. Today, people know that Hitler loved Wagner. But Wagner was there before Hitler, and we have very naturally every year the "Wagner Festspiele" in Bayreuth, Wagners home town. One week of many works of Wagner, and every year, many of the most notorious people in the country come, e.g. our Chancellor Angela Merkel.

In the case of Arminius, I learned about him before I even learned about Hitler and the 3rd Reich. Already in Elementary school, our teacher told us about the battle against the Roman invaders.

One of my best friends first name is Arminius, and that is no coincidence.

Today, there is a big statue on a hilltop near Porta Wesphalica, which is near the Teutoburg Forest, where the battle against 3 roman legions (~20 .000 men) is supposed to have taken place.

The monument can easily be seen from the Autobahn near by (A2 interstate highway)

In fact, with almost certainty, the location is known today, in Kalkriese.

They created a museum there which the artifacts which were dug up .

My parents visited that museum just weeks ago with one of my cousins. It's an archaeological marvel, putting you 2000 years back.

In summary, I think Germans now fairly well who Arminius was (to the extend that any modern people know / - don't know heroes from ~2000 years past).

The temporary Nazi usurpation of some historic figures did not do them real harm.

What has changed maybe through the 3rd Reich is that people might think twice if it was an unanimously good deed to slaughter 20.000 enemy troops, even if they were invaders.

But overall, Germans are proud of their freedom fighter, and he can not be enlisted into the services of any political party.

There are only very few symbols which the Nazis adopted so profoundly that today, they are inextricably associated with the 3rd Reich, even if they had a longer history before that. the swastika is such an example.

It is way older of Indian origin, and can still be found there. but in Germany, it is forever associated with the NDSAP party and Hitler, and can not publicly be shown anywhere.

Arminius is totally different.

Another reason why Wikipedia might have written this: in German history class, very much attention is paid today on understanding what led to the 3rd Reich, and what happened in it. This must necessarily reduce time for other studies, e.g. Arminius.


德国民族英雄  阿米尼乌斯

英文名:Arminius阿米尼乌斯

德语作Hermann赫尔曼

出生于公元前18年或17年,其父赛吉米罗斯为切鲁西贵族,阿米尼乌斯大约10岁时被带到罗马做人质并接受罗马教育,长大成为罗马辅助部队一队骑兵的队长。

公元7年,普布利乌斯·昆克提尼乌斯·瓦鲁斯成为日尔曼尼亚的新总督,阿米尼乌斯带领罗马辅助骑兵受瓦卢斯领导得以回到家乡日耳曼尼亚驻扎,阿米尼乌斯接到的第一个任务是在数支罗马军团前往夏营期间,带领的罗马辅助骑兵负责探查行军路线,阿米尼乌斯完成了任务。在日耳曼尼亚期间,罗马人的横征暴敛激起了阿米尼乌斯的反感,在这期间阿米尼乌斯决定走上反抗罗马的道路。


阿米尼乌斯[历史人物]

公元9年9月,瓦鲁斯带领十七、十八、和十九军团从夏营返回东营过冬,连同辎重、家属共计逾两万两千人,阿米尼乌斯召集日耳曼各部落共同伏击罗马人,他施计引诱罗马人进入条顿堡森林,通过三场战斗,他歼灭了罗马人的3个军团,瓦卢斯自杀身亡。

当奥古斯都得知瓦鲁斯及三个罗马军团全军覆没,便痛叫"Quintili Vare, legiones redde!" ('Quintilius Varus, give me back my legions!')“瓦鲁斯,把军团还给我!”三个罗马军团的旗号也被当作不幸运而曾停用。

15年他巧妙地抵挡了罗马人的全面进攻,但在16年,他在安格里瓦尔瓦战役败给了日尔曼尼库斯,17年与马科曼尼人国王马罗波都(Maroboduus)进行战斗,并取得胜利,威望大增。随后他却在公元19年被人暗杀,霸业也土崩瓦解。

贴主:maddogs于2021_06_12 2:03:27编辑
贴主:maddogs于2021_06_12 2:11:48编辑
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